PrepForCerts
Get started
Menu

COMPTIA A+ / STUDY GUIDE Build your IT foundation.
One skill at a time.

Map out the two exams, make room for hands-on practice, and choose resources that help you understand the systems you will support.

Explore the exam topicsTry free practice

Published by PrepForCerts · Editorial responsibility and sources · Updated

CompTIA A+ Study Guide 2026: Complete Free Preparation Guide

Master the CompTIA A+ certification with this comprehensive study guide covering everything you need to pass Core 1 and Core 2. Use the official objectives, practical exercises, and practice results to plan your preparation. CompTIA does not publish pass rates.

Plan your next step

The CompTIA A+ certification requires passing two exams: Core 1 covering hardware, networking, and mobile devices, and Core 2 covering operating systems, security, and troubleshooting. Most candidates need 120-200 hours of study time over 3-6 months. This guide covers all exam objectives, recommended resources, and proven study strategies.

The CompTIA A+ certification is the industry-standard credential for IT support professionals, validating foundational knowledge across hardware, software, networking, security, and troubleshooting. Whether you're launching your IT career or formalizing existing knowledge, this comprehensive study guide provides everything you need to pass both A+ exams.

This guide covers the current A+ Core 1 and Core 2 exam objectives, provides topic-by-topic breakdowns, recommends proven study resources, and shares strategies for combining topic review with practical work. We've organized the content to serve both complete beginners and those with IT experience seeking certification validation.

Current A+ exam and policy guidance

A+ V15 uses 220-1201 and 220-1202. Both exams must be from the same version. Each allows up to 90 questions in 90 minutes; Core 1 requires 675/900 and Core 2 requires 700/900. Study schedules and preparation budgets on this page are planning examples, not guaranteed outcomes or current price quotes.

Checked September 8, 2026: Core 1 · Core 2 · Retake policy · Scoring policy · Renewal fees.

8-12
Weeks Average Study Time
2
Exams Required (Core 1 & 2)
Current regional price
Per exam — check booking price
675 / 700
Passing Score (out of 900)

Core 1 Exam Domains

Core 1 focuses on hardware, networking, mobile devices, and virtualization. This exam tests your ability to install, configure, and troubleshoot physical technology components.

Mobile Devices (13%)

Laptop hardware components, display types, mobile device accessories, wireless connectivity, and mobile device synchronization. Know the differences between LCD, OLED, and IPS displays.

Networking (23%)

TCP/IP basics, ports and protocols, network hardware (routers, switches, access points), wireless standards (802.11ax/Wi-Fi 6), and network configuration. Memorize common ports: 22 (SSH), 25 (SMTP), 53 (DNS), 80 (HTTP), 443 (HTTPS).

Hardware (25%)

Motherboards, CPUs, RAM types (DDR4/DDR5), storage devices (NVMe, SATA, SSD vs HDD), power supplies, and peripheral devices. Know form factors, expansion slots (PCIe), and cooling solutions.

Virtualization & Cloud (11%)

Cloud computing models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS), virtual machine concepts, hypervisors (Type 1 vs Type 2), and cloud deployment models (public, private, hybrid). Understand resource allocation and VM snapshots.

Hardware & Network Troubleshooting (28%)

CompTIA troubleshooting methodology, diagnosing hardware failures, network connectivity issues, and using diagnostic tools. This is the largest domain—practice real-world scenarios extensively.

Understanding the Two A+ Exams

CompTIA A+ certification requires passing two separate exams, each with distinct focus areas:

Core 1: Hardware & Networking Focus

Core 2: Software & Operations Focus

Both exams consist of 90 questions maximum, with a 90-minute time limit. Core 1 requires a scaled score of 675/900; Core 2 requires 700/900. CompTIA does not publish a fixed raw percentage, question weighting, or the detailed scoring formula. Questions include multiple choice, multiple response, and performance-based (simulation) questions.

Important: You can take the exams in either order, though most candidates start with Core 1 as the hardware concepts provide foundation for Core 2 topics.

Core 1 Exam: Domain-by-Domain Breakdown

Domain 1: Mobile Devices (13%) Focus areas include laptop components, display types, mobile device features, network connectivity options, and mobile device synchronization. Know the differences between cellular standards (4G, 5G), Bluetooth versions, and mobile OS configurations.

Domain 2: Networking (23%) Critical topics include TCP/IP fundamentals, common ports (HTTP 80, HTTPS 443, FTP 21, SSH 22, RDP 3389), network hardware (routers, switches, access points), and wireless standards (802.11 a/b/g/n/ac/ax). Understand subnetting basics and IPv4 vs IPv6 addressing.

Domain 3: Hardware (25%) The hardware domain covers motherboard components, RAM types (DDR3, DDR4, DDR5), storage technologies (SSD, HDD, NVMe), power supplies, and peripheral devices. Know connector types, cable standards, and hardware installation procedures.

Domain 4: Virtualization and Cloud (11%) Understand virtual machine concepts, hypervisor types, cloud computing models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS), and cloud deployment types (public, private, hybrid). This domain has grown in recent exam versions.

Domain 5: Hardware/Network Troubleshooting (28%) The largest weight requires systematic troubleshooting methodology. Practice diagnosing hardware failures, network connectivity issues, and performance problems. Know common symptoms and their likely causes.

Core 1 Study Priority

Focus heaviest on Domains 3 and 5 (combined 53% of the exam). Hands-on experience with hardware components significantly improves retention. Use virtual labs if physical hardware isn't available.

Core 2 Exam Domains

Core 2 covers operating systems, security, software troubleshooting, and operational procedures. This exam emphasizes software configuration and security best practices.

Operating Systems (28%)

Windows 10/11 features, macOS, Linux distributions, Chrome OS, and mobile operating systems. Master Windows command-line tools (cmd, PowerShell), file systems (NTFS, ext4), and OS installation methods.

Security (28%)

Malware types and removal, physical security, wireless security protocols (WPA3), social engineering, and security best practices. Know how to configure firewalls, enable encryption, and implement MFA.

Software Troubleshooting (23%)

Windows boot failures, application crashes, browser issues, and malware symptoms. Practice using Task Manager, Event Viewer, msconfig, and recovery options like Safe Mode and System Restore.

Operational Procedures (21%)

Documentation, change management, disaster recovery, safety procedures, and environmental controls. Understand ESD prevention, proper disposal (regulations), and professional communication skills.

Core 2 Exam: Domain-by-Domain Breakdown

Domain 1: Operating Systems (28%) The largest Core 2 domain covers Windows 10/11 features, installation methods, command-line tools, and system utilities. Also includes macOS and Linux basics. Know Control Panel vs Settings, disk management, and user account management.

Domain 2: Security (28%) Covers malware types, social engineering attacks, security best practices, and physical security. Understand encryption concepts, authentication methods, and how to secure SOHO networks. This domain overlaps with Security+ content.

Domain 3: Software Troubleshooting (23%) Focus on diagnosing and resolving OS issues, application problems, and security-related symptoms. Know recovery tools, boot processes, and common error messages.

Domain 4: Operational Procedures (21%) Covers professional skills: documentation, change management, disaster recovery, and communication. Also includes safety practices, environmental controls, and scripting basics.

Core 2 Study Priority

Domains 1 and 2 carry the most weight (56% combined). Operating system knowledge is critical—practice with actual Windows installations. The security content provides excellent preparation for Security+ certification.

8-Week Study Plan (Recommended Schedule)

This structured plan assumes 10-15 hours of study per week. Adjust based on your prior experience and available time.

Week 1-2: Hardware Fundamentals
  • Motherboard components, form factors, and chipsets
  • CPU architecture, cooling, and installation
  • RAM types (DDR4/DDR5), channels, and compatibility
  • Storage technologies: NVMe, SATA, SSD vs HDD, RAID levels
  • Hands-on: Build or upgrade a PC, practice component identification
Week 3-4: Networking & Mobile
  • TCP/IP fundamentals, OSI model layers
  • Common ports and protocols (memorize the top 20)
  • Network hardware: routers, switches, access points, firewalls
  • Wireless standards: 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac/ax, Bluetooth, cellular
  • Hands-on: Configure a home network, practice IP configuration
Week 5-6: Operating Systems
  • Windows 10/11 editions, features, and installation methods
  • Command-line tools: cmd commands, PowerShell basics
  • Linux basics: terminal commands, file permissions, package managers
  • macOS features and configuration
  • Hands-on: Set up VMs with Windows, Linux, and practice commands
Week 7: Security & Troubleshooting
  • Malware types: viruses, ransomware, rootkits, trojans
  • Security best practices: MFA, encryption, firewall configuration
  • CompTIA troubleshooting methodology (7 steps)
  • Hardware and software troubleshooting scenarios
  • Hands-on: Practice malware removal, troubleshoot boot issues
Week 8: Review & Practice Tests
  • Take 3-5 full-length practice exams (target 85%+ consistently)
  • Review weak areas identified by practice tests
  • Practice Performance-Based Questions (PBQs)
  • Review acronyms and memorize any gaps
  • Schedule your exam when scoring 85%+ on practice tests

Effective Study Strategies

The 3-Phase Approach:

Phase 1: Foundation Building (Weeks 1-4) Complete a full video course covering all objectives. Take notes on unfamiliar concepts. Don't worry about memorizing everything—focus on understanding.

Phase 2: Active Learning (Weeks 5-8) Work through practice questions by domain. Review incorrect answers deeply. Build hands-on experience through labs and real hardware practice.

Phase 3: Exam Preparation (Weeks 9-12) Take practice exams under timed conditions. Review all incorrect answers thoroughly. Target 85%+ on practice tests before scheduling real exams.

Daily Study Rhythm:

Acronym Mastery: A+ exams are acronym-heavy. Create a master list and review daily. Common examples: POST, BIOS, UEFI, RAM, ROM, NVMe, SSD, RAID, etc.

Study Resource Comparison

According to PrepForCerts analysis, combining video courses with hands-on practice yields the best results. Here's how popular resources compare:

Resource Cost Format Best For Rating
Professor Messer Videos Free Video Visual learners ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Mike Meyers All-in-One $40-60 Book Comprehensive study ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
CompTIA CertMaster $150+ Interactive Official content ⭐⭐⭐⭐
Exam Cram Book $30-40 Book Quick review ⭐⭐⭐⭐
Udemy Courses $15-30 Video Budget learners ⭐⭐⭐⭐
PrepForCerts Practice Tests Free/Paid Practice Tests Exam simulation ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐

Recommended Study Resources

Video Courses (Primary Learning):

Books (Reference and Deep Dives):

Practice Tests (Critical for Exam Readiness):

Hands-On Labs:

Essential Commands to Memorize

Performance-Based Questions frequently test command-line knowledge. Master these before your exam:

# Windows Commands
ipconfig /all
ping -t [hostname]
tracert [hostname]
netstat -an
nslookup [domain]
sfc /scannow
chkdsk /f /r
gpupdate /force
# Linux Commands
ifconfig / ip addr
sudo apt update
chmod 755 [file]
ls -la
grep [pattern] [file]
ps aux
df -h
cat /etc/passwd

Facts and planning estimates

Exams Required
2
Study Time
120-200 hrs
Timeline
3-6 months
Passing Score
675/900

Performance-Based Questions Preparation

Both A+ exams include performance-based questions (PBQs) that simulate real-world scenarios. These are worth significant points and can make or break your passing score.

Common PBQ Types:

PBQ Strategy: 1. Flag PBQs and complete multiple choice questions first 2. Return to PBQs with remaining time 3. Read instructions completely before starting 4. Partial credit is often awarded—attempt every question 5. Practice with simulation-based resources before exam day

Critical Commands to Practice: Windows: ipconfig, ping, tracert, netstat, nslookup, sfc, chkdsk Linux: ifconfig, ping, traceroute, chmod, ls, grep, sudo

Put the guide into practice

  1. Download Official Exam Objectives

    Get the official CompTIA exam objectives document from the CompTIA website. This is your study checklist—every testable topic is listed.

    Print the objectives and check off topics as you master them. Visual progress tracking builds motivation.

  2. Complete a Video Course

    Watch a comprehensive video course covering all objectives. Take notes on concepts that are new or confusing. Professor Messer offers free courses.

    Watch at 1.25x speed for efficiency, but slow down for complex topics. Review difficult sections twice.

  3. Build Hands-On Experience

    Set up virtual machines for OS practice. If possible, disassemble and reassemble an old computer. There's no substitute for hands-on learning.

    Create a home lab with a used PC. eBay and local recyclers sell serviceable machines for $50-100.

  4. Master Practice Tests

    Take practice exams under realistic conditions (90 minutes, no breaks). Review every incorrect answer. Target 85%+ before scheduling your real exam.

    Our Smart Practice practice tests adapt to your weak areas, making study time more efficient.

  5. Schedule and Pass Your Exams

    Schedule Core 1 first. After passing, use momentum to immediately schedule Core 2. Most candidates pass both within 2-4 weeks of each other.

    Morning exam slots are often better for mental sharpness. Avoid scheduling after long work days.

Study tips

Common mistakes to avoid

Study perspective

The candidates who pass A+ on their first attempt share a common trait: they treat practice tests as diagnostic tools, not just score generators. Every missed question is a learning opportunity. Review incorrect answers until you understand why the right answer is right and why the wrong answers are wrong.

Ready to Test Your A+ Knowledge?

Practice with unlimited adaptive questions covering all Core 1 and Core 2 objectives. Identify weak areas and track your progress.

Start Free Practice Test

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does it take to study for CompTIA A+?

Most candidates need 8-12 weeks of dedicated study, spending 1-2 hours daily. Complete beginners may need 16-20 weeks. IT professionals with hands-on experience often pass in 4-6 weeks. Remember, you must pass two separate exams: Core 1 and Core 2.

What is the best study order for A+ exams?

Most experts recommend Core 1 first because hardware fundamentals provide context for Core 2 software topics. Study order: Hardware → Networking → Mobile Devices → Virtualization → OS Installation → Security → Troubleshooting. This builds knowledge progressively.

Which A+ study resources are worth paying for?

The best investments are: Mike Meyers All-in-One book ($40-60), Professor Messer practice exams ($30), and a practice test subscription. Free resources like Professor Messer videos and CompTIA objectives cover 80% of content. Lab access (virtual or physical) is invaluable for hands-on practice.

Do I need hands-on experience for A+?

Yes, Performance-Based Questions (PBQs) require practical skills. Build or upgrade a PC, set up virtual machines, practice command-line tools, configure network settings, and troubleshoot real issues. Candidates with only book knowledge often struggle with PBQs.

Should I take Core 1 and Core 2 together?

Most candidates space exams 2-4 weeks apart to avoid burnout and allow focused preparation. Taking both the same week risks fatigue affecting your second exam. You have 3 years to complete both exams after passing the first one.

How long should I study for CompTIA A+?

Most candidates need 120-200 hours of study time over 3-6 months. Those with existing IT experience may need less (80-120 hours), while complete beginners might need more (200+ hours). Consistency matters more than total hours—aim for 1-2 hours daily.

Which A+ exam should I take first?

Most candidates take Core 1 first because hardware concepts provide foundation for Core 2 software topics. However, you can take them in either order. Take your stronger subject first to build confidence.

What is the passing score for CompTIA A+?

Core 1 requires a scaled score of 675/900; Core 2 requires 700/900. CompTIA does not publish a fixed raw percentage, question weighting, or the detailed scoring formula.

Is CompTIA A+ hard?

A+ difficulty depends on your background. With proper preparation (120-200 study hours, practice tests), most candidates pass. The exams are challenging but fair—they test practical knowledge that IT professionals actually use.

How much do the A+ exams cost?

Check the current regional voucher price on CompTIA’s booking site. A+ requires two exam purchases; include study materials and any retake in your budget.

What resources are best for A+ study?

The most effective combination is: video course (Professor Messer free or Mike Meyers paid), official exam objectives, and quality practice tests. Add hands-on practice with virtual machines or physical hardware for best results.

Are there performance-based questions on A+?

Yes, both A+ exams include performance-based questions (PBQs) that simulate real scenarios like configuring network settings or troubleshooting hardware. These are worth significant points—practice with simulation-based tools.

How long is the A+ certification valid?

CompTIA A+ is valid for 3 years from the date you pass both exams. Renew through Continuing Education (CE) credits (60 credits over 3 years) or by passing a higher-level CompTIA certification.

Ready to Start Practicing?

Test your knowledge with Smart Practice practice questions aligned to the latest objectives.

Start Free Practice Test →

Practice & quick reference

Study tools & plans

Exam facts & renewal

Career & comparisons